1、 Core Features
1. High temperature strengthening
The melting point is 1910 ℃. Adding 0.9-1.1% in the metallurgical field can significantly improve the creep resistance of alloy steel and withstand high pressure steam environment at 540 ℃.
Vanadium aluminum alloy enables aerospace fasteners to withstand the impact of ultra-high temperature airflow at 1900 ℃.
2. Microstructure optimization
Forming VN/V ₄ C ∝ carbonitride, refining steel grain size by more than 50%, and improving fatigue strength by 30%.
When combined with niobium, the high-temperature tensile strength exceeds 930 MPa.
2、 Industrial application field
1. Manufacturing of energy equipment
Turbine unit: Vanadium containing bolts are used to fasten high-temperature components of steam turbines/gas turbines, increasing their lifespan by three times in a 540 ℃ steam environment.
Nuclear reactor: Vanadium alloy control rod structural components are resistant to neutron irradiation.
2. Aerospace and Chemical Industry
Rocket engine: Vanadium based alloy nozzle screws can withstand 2800 ℃ gas erosion, and the SpaceX Merlin engine has been applied.
Catalyst carrier: V ₂ O ₅ catalyst has a conversion rate of over 99.8% in sulfuric acid production, and 70% of global sulfuric acid production capacity relies on this technology.
3. Emerging energy storage technologies
Vanadium flow battery: The electrolyte adopts V ³ ⁺/V ⁵⁺ redox pairs, with a cycle life of more than 20000 times. By 2025, the installed capacity will account for 35% of the new energy storage.
3、 Technical bottlenecks and development
Resource constraints: 88% of the world's vanadium is produced from vanadium titanium magnetite, and the Panzhihua mining area in China accounts for 11% of the world's reserves.
Purification technology: The solvent extraction method increases the purity of vanadium to 99.9%, but the recovery rate is only 75%.
Battery cost reduction: Ion exchange membranes account for 40% of the cost of flow batteries, and the localization rate target is to exceed 70% by 2025.
Summary: Vanadium has become a key material for high-end manufacturing and energy transformation through its three core values of grain refinement, catalytic activity, and redox energy storage.
